Zhu Minggang',Sun Xu',Liu Ronghui,xu Huibing₂
(1. General Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081; 2. Zhong yan Rare Earth New Materials Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088)
Abstract: As one of the key strategic materials with the most resource characteristics in China, rare earth functional materials are the core materials supporting the new generation of information technology, aerospace and modern weapons and equipment, advanced rail transit, energy saving and new energy vehicles, high-performance medical equipment and other high-tech fields. This paper introduces the background of rare earth functional materials industry and development status, analyzes the problems existing in the development of rare earth functional materials industry in China, puts forward the new material power 2035 development strategy development ideas and key development direction, from the strengthening of rare earth strategic forecasting and policy support, strengthening the basic research and application in the field of rare earth, strengthening the construction of rare earth advantage team and talent put forward policy Suggestions, to promote the development of rare earth functional materials, realize the strategic shift from rare earth power to rare earth power to provide reference.
Key words: rare earth functional materials; key strategic materials; new materials power 2035
Classification number: O614.33; TG
Development Strategies for Rare E arth
Functional Materi als by 2035
Zhu Minggang 1 , Sun Xu 1 , Liu Ronghui2 , Xu Huibing 2
(1. Central Iron & Steel Research Institute , Beijing 100081, China; 2. Grirem Advanced Materials Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China)
Abstract : Rare earth functional materials are critical and strategic in supporting the high -tech fields such as new -generation informa - tion technology , aerospace and modern weaponry , advanced rail transit, energy-saving and new energy vehicles, and high-performance m edical devices .In this article , the development status and trends of the rare earth functional materials industry in China are introduced and the problems of the industry are analyzed .To promote the competitiveness of the rare earth functional materials in China , some policy suggestions are proposed , including strengthening strategic prediction and policy support, promoting basic research and application , and enhancing the construction of advantageous teams and the development of personnel in the rare earth field.
Keywords : rare earth functional materials; critical and strategic materials; new materials power strategy 2035
First, preface
Rare earth elements (15 lanthanides, yttrium, scandium total 17 yuan General name of element)due to its unique electronic layer structure, so that it has excellent magnetic, optical, electrical and other physical and chemical characteristics, in new energy vehicles,New display and lighting, industrial robots,and electronic information, aerospace, national defense, energy conservation and environmental protection and high-end equipment manufacturing and other strategic emerging industries play an important role, is an indispensable core basic material [1].
New rare earth materials represented by rare earth functional materials have become complete One of the focal points of the ball competition. Developed countries and regions such as Europe, America and Japan have listed rare earth elements as the "strategic elements of the 21st century", and carried out strategic reserve and key research. The "Key Materials Strategy" formulated by the US Department of Energy, the "Elemental Strategy Plan" formulated by the Ministry of Education, Education, Science, and the "EU Critical Raw Materials Plan" formulated by the European Union all listed rare earth elements as key research areas. In particular, in recent years, the United States has restarted the rare earth industry to obtain rare earth magnets available for military use. It can be said that rare earth permanent magnet materials have become the "Shangganling" in the field of rare earth functional materials.
For this reason, China has listed rare earth as a strategic resource for national control and development, and listed rare earth functional materials as key strategic materials in its national medium, long-and long-term development plans such as "Made in China 2025". The Opinions of The State Council on Promoting the Sustainable and Healthy Development of the Rare Earth Industry and other relevant regulations have also helped promoted scientific and technological innovation in the field of rare earth functional materials, optimized the structure of the rare earth industry, and promoted the continuous improvement of the development level and quality of rare earth functional materials in China.
2. Development status of rare earth functional materials
Rare earth is an important strategic resource and advantageous field where China has an international discourse power. China is a major country in the world with reserves of rare earth resources. According to the total reserves of rare earth resources is about 1.2108 t, among which China's reserves reach 4.4107 t, accounting for about 37.8% [2,3], China is the world's largest producer of rare earth minerals. In 2019, the global rare earth production was 2.1105 t, among which China's rare earth production reached 1.32105 t, accounting for about 63% of the global rare earth production. At the same time, China is also a rare earth industrialization country with a complete independent industrial system, covering ore processing from the upstream, smelting separation, oxide and rare earth metal production in the midstream, and all new rare earth materials and application in the downstream. In 2018, the output value of China's rare earth industry chain was about 90 billion yuan, of which the rare earth functional materials accounted for 56%, the output value was about 50 billion yuan, the smelting and separation accounted for 27%, and the output value was about 25 billion yuan. Among them, the rare earth functional materials account for the highest proportion of rare earth permanent magnet materials, accounting for 75%, with an output value of about 37.5 billion yuan, catalytic materials accounting for 20%, and an output value of about 10 billion yuan. In the consumption structure of rare earth functional materials in China, rare earth permanent magnet materials benefit from the rapid development of new energy vehicles and electronic industry, accounting for more than 40% in the consumption structure; metallurgy, machinery, petrochemical and glass ceramics account for 12%, 9% and 8% respectively, hydrogen storage materials and luminescent materials account for about 7%; catalytic materials, polishing materials and agricultural light textile for 5% [4].
(1) Rare earth smelting and separation field
In 1988, China's rare earth production surpassed the United States, becoming the world's first rare earth producer. China's rare earth smelting and separation level is leading in the world and continues to this day, controlling the global market of high purity single rare earth. At present, China's rare earth smelting separation enterprises mainly concentrated in China's six big rare earth group: north rare earth high-tech co., LTD. (group), south China rare earth group co., LTD., Guangdong rare earth industry group, co., LTD., China rare earth co., LTD., minmetals rare earth group co., LTD., Xiamen tungsten industry co., LTD. Foreign rare earth smelting and separation projects mainly include the Mountain Pass project of American Molybdenum Company (acquired by Shenghe Resources Holdings Co., Ltd.), the smelting and separation project of Australian Lynas in Kuantan, Malaysia, and the Belgian Solvi Group (Solvay) project, etc.
(2) Field of rare earth permanent magnet materials
Rare earth permanent magnet materials are not only the fastest development direction and the largest and most complete industrial scale in the whole rare earth field, but also an irreplaceable and indispensable key raw material in the national defense industry, and also the application field with the largest amount of rare earth materials. Since 2000, the industrial scale of the application of rare earth permanent magnet materials in China has been expanding, and the blank output of sintered NdFEB magnets has increased from 8104 t at the beginning of the 12th Five-Year Plan to 1.8105 t in 2019, accounting for more than 85% of the global output; the output of samarium cobalt permanent magnet materials is 2400 t, accounting for more than 80% of the total output.
The extensive development of sintered NdfeB magnets in high-tech industries such as new energy vehicles such as wind power generation, hybrid and electric vehicles, energy-saving home appliances, industrial robots, high-speed and maglev trains has provided important support for the development of rare earth permanent magnet materials industry and considerable growth potential of the industry. China is close to the advanced level of the world peers in the fields of high-performance rare earth permanent magnet materials, heavy rare earth reduction technology, balanced utilization of high abundance rare earth permanent magnet materials and magnet recycling and utilization technology.
Although our country has become the world's largest producer of rare earth permanent magnet materials, represented by high abundance of rare earth permanent magnet material part of rare earth permanent magnet preparation technology is in the world leading position, but China's rare earth permanent magnet material products, is still unable to meet the high-grade robot, the fifth generation of mobile communication technology (5G), lithography machine and other emerging industries for high-end permanent magnet technology demand. At the same time, there is still a big gap with the developed countries such as the United States and Japan in the most advanced preparation technology, thermal deformation, grain refinement, and continuous intelligent equipment.
(3) In the field of rare-earth luminescent materials
With the accelerated penetration of semiconductor materials in the fields of lighting, display and information detection, the market demand for light source quality is also increasing. In the field of lighting, the full spectrum lighting is considered to be the leading direction of the new generation of white LED lighting. In other fields of luminescent materials, near-infrared detectors are an important part of the Internet of Things, which has become the focus of global attention, and have great application prospects in security monitoring, biometrics, food and medical testing and other fields.
In the field of luminescent materials, with white light-emitting diode (LED) lighting and display materials, Mitsubishi Chemical Co., LTD., Electrification Corporation, Japan Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. have absolute advantages in terms of production, sales volume and total assets in the global market. The localization rate of white light LED phosphor in China has also increased from 2000, less than 5% per year, to about 85% at present. However, there is still a certain technological gap between Chinese enterprises and foreign countries. At present, the most influential enterprises in China are Youyou Yan Rare Earth New Materials Co., LTD., Jiangsu Borui Optoelectronics Co., LTD., and Jiangmen Keheng Industrial Co., LTD.
(4) Field of rare earth crystal materials
Rare earth crystal materials mainly include rare earth laser crystals and rare earth scintigraphic crystals, which are widely used in national defense, cutting-edge scientific devices, medical treatment, detection, safety inspection and other fields. In recent years, high-end medical diagnostic equipment such as positron emission computed tomography (PET-CT) have developed rapidly, creating a strong demand for high-performance rare earth scintitillations represented by yttrium lutetium silicate (LYSO) crystals, and emerging economies represented by China have particularly huge market potential in the future. Based on the ownership of one unit per million people, China needs to add about 1,000 units of PET-CT equipment, and the demand for rare earth scintillation crystals will exceed 3 billion yuan.
(5) Field of rare earth catalytic materials
Rare earth catalytic materials occupy an important role in the national economy, which can be widely used in the environment and energy, promote the extensive application of high abundance and light rare earth elements lanthanum and cerium, effectively alleviate and solve the imbalance of rare earth consumption in China, improve energy and environmental technology, and improve the human living environment. Oil cracking catalyst and motor vehicle exhaust purification catalyst is the rare earth catalytic materials dosage of two largest applications, including oil cracking catalyst, mobile source (motor vehicles, ships, agricultural machinery, etc.) exhaust purification catalyst, fixed source (industrial waste gas out of stock, natural gas combustion, organic waste gas treatment, etc.) tail gas purification catalyst, etc.
Compared with similar catalysts in the world, the domestic cracking catalysts have reached the same level in their use performance. But in the motor vehicle exhaust purification catalyst, coal-fired power plant with high temperature industrial waste gas denitration catalyst, such as cerium zirconium rare earth oxygen storage materials, modified alumina coating, large size, ultra-thin wall carrier (> 600 mesh) large-scale production, and system integration key technology and equipment, etc., with foreign advanced level still has a certain gap.
(6) High-purity rare earth metals and target materials
High purity rare earth metal is the core raw material for the research and development of high-tech materials, which is widely used in magnetic materials, optical functional materials, catalytic materials, hydrogen storage materials, functional ceramic materials, sputtering target materials for electronic information and other fields. Into the end of the 20th century, mine metal co., LTD., east cao corporation, honeywell international company and European and American enterprises have from high pure metal preparation into the industrialization development and new material application stage, under 7 nm high order process integrated circuit, 5G communication devices, high-power devices and intelligent sensor, solid-state memory and other advanced electronic information products provide supporting key materials. The world famous high purity rare earth metal and target material manufacturing enterprises are mainly Japan Toscao Corporation, Honeywell International Corporation and other fortune 500 enterprises. China's high purity rare earth metal and target material manufacturing enterprises mainly include Zhongyan Rare Earth New Materials Co., Ltd., Hunan Rare Earth Metal Materials Research Institute, etc. There are still gaps in technological innovation, advanced equipment, cutting-edge basic research and other aspects. At present, China has broken through the preparation technology of ultra-high purity rare earth metals, but there is still a certain distance to realize the industrialization and ensure the development of integrated circuit and other electronic information industry.
3. Difficulties and challenges in the development of rare earth functional materials
Based on the above research status of rare earth functional materials, it can be found that rare earth resources, as a non-renewable global scarce strategic resources, have always been one of the focus of global attention. Since the trade friction between China and the United States, rare earth and rare earth permanent magnet materials have become the "key words" often mentioned by the domestic and foreign media. The reason is that the dominance of China's rare earth and rare earth permanent magnet materials industry chain and the development speed of rare earth permanent magnet materials technology worry the United States. Although China's rare earth resources and rare earth mining, selection and smelting technologies are in the leading positions in the world, and it also has a series of original technologies, it still faces many difficulties and challenges in the development of rare earth functional materials.
Rare earth functional materials of external challenges, mainly comes from the United States to "guo system + global camp", trying to "comprehensive decoupling" way to get rid of dependence on China's rare earth permanent magnet products, at the same time incite other countries to give up the application of China's rare earth permanent magnet materials, to contain and curb the rapid development of rare earth science and technology and application industry in our country. On the other hand, in the middle and downstream application fields of rare earth functional materials, most of China's research and development is in the state of leading foreign technology methods. Although in recent years in our country in the field of rare earth materials patent applications rising rapidly, but the vast majority of belong to the improved patent or edge patents, has the core independent intellectual property rights, especially the original international patent, many core technology by foreign patent technical barriers, seriously affected the high quality of rare earth industry development and internationalization.
The internal challenges of rare earth functional materials mainly come from the basic shortcomings of rare earth industry and the insufficient attention of "forging long board"; enterprises and research institutions prefer to support short-term research and imitation technologies, and insufficient support for original technologies with great development difficulty, high development cost and long technological breakthrough cycle; the multi-disciplinary and cross-industry collaborative research and development capabilities in the field of rare earth functional materials need to be strengthened. In the final analysis, China's original innovation ability is insufficient, and the ability to control the core technology of rare earth functional materials is weak.
Therefore, focusing on the development of rare earth functional materials in 2035, more attention should be paid to the independent innovation construction of the capacity of rare earth functional materials from the perspective of globalization, including the control of core technologies, the learning and integration with international advanced technologies, as well as the advantages of rare earth functional industry and becoming bigger and stronger.
4. Rare earth functional materials in the future development ideas, key development Direction and development goals
(1) Development ideas
Closely integrated with the national strategies, Combined with future application scenarios such as intelligent robots, smart cities, ocean and interstellar development, big data society and man-machine docking, Focus on the engineering and industrialization of key technology research, Strive to make breakthroughs in the core preparation technology, intelligent production equipment, special testing instruments and their application technology of advanced rare earth functional materials, rare earth luminescent materials, rare earth catalytic materials, rare earth catalytic materials, rare earth crystal materials, high pure rare earth metals and target materials; Through synchronous innovation of the whole industrial chain, We will promote the promotion and implementation of advanced achievements, To ensure the effective supply of key materials for major strategic needs such as strategic emerging industries, national defense, and intelligent manufacturing, Finally, realize the independent supply of high-end applied rare earth functional materials; Conduct frontier basic theories and experimental research, Through the in-depth exploration and accumulation of scientific questions, And suggest more original theories, Make original discoveries, Obtained a batch of rare earth new materials and new application of original results; To realize the strategic transformation of China from a rare earth power to a rare earth power, To lead the future development of rare earth technology and industry, To provide material support for the realization of China's strategic goal of "ranking among the forefront of innovative country by 2035".
(2) Key development direction
1. Key technologies of preparation of ultra-high performance rare earth permanent magnet materials and efficient and balanced utilization of rare earth
In view of the future intelligent society with higher magnetic performance of permanent magnet materials and new technology and equipment for the requirement of permanent magnet material function diversity, combining the knowledge update and historical law of technological change, and the current development of high performance rare earth permanent magnet materials grain refinement and boundary optimization of key technologies such as understanding, to formulate key development content.
（1）NdFeB permanent magnet materials: focus on the preparation technology of sintered NdfeB with high comprehensive performance, research on the crystal boundary diffusion mechanism of heavy rare earth in sintered NdFeB magnets, research on sintered NdFeB recovery technology and application, service performance prediction technology and theory of sintered NdFeB magnets, etc.
（2）Samarium cobalt permanent magnet materials: focus on the elemental regulation mechanism of high residual samarium cobalt magnet, the regulation of nanostructure and microregion components in the engineering preparation of high-performance samarium cobalt permanent magnet, the research on the antioxidant technology of samarium cobalt at high use temperature, and the surface protection technology of high-temperature samarium cobalt permanent magnet, etc.
（3）Thermopress permanent magnet materials: focus on the research of anisotropy formation mechanism of thin-wall hot pressure magnetic ring, research on the preparation technology of high performance magnetic powder for hot press magnetic ring, preparation technology and application of high performance hot pressure permanent magnet ring, engineering preparation equipment and process technology development of high performance hot pressure magnetic ring, etc.
（4）High abundance permanent magnet materials: focus on the balanced utilization of high abundance (La, Ce, etc.) rare earth in permanent magnet materials, the mechanism of dual main phase cerium magnet structure and the improvement technology of coercive force.
（5） Combining material gene and machine learning, carry out the structural design and performance calculation of magnetic functional materials, and explore the new system and new structure of materials for the key performance indexes of high magnetic energy product and high coercive of the first generation of rare earth permanent magnetic materials.
（6）According to the characteristics of magnetic functional materials, study the new principles and new equipment for testing and testing, and gradually get rid of the dependence of analysis and testing equipment on foreign countries.
2. New rare earth permanent magnet materials and key technologies of customized application
Under the general trend of low carbon economy sweeping the world, countries around the world pay attention to environmental protection and low carbon emissions as key scientific and technological fields. The key development contents include: development of intelligent rail transit and intelligent industrial manufacturing system; development of permanent magnetic materials and magnetic power system with permanent magnet suspension bearing technology and permanent magnetic eddy current transmission; development of rare earth permanent magnetic materials for high corrosion resistance permanent magnet direct drive generator with Marine corrosion environment; development of permanent magnetic materials with high magnetic energy product, high coercive force, miniaturization and high precision for application scenarios such as robot and smart city.
2. High-end rare earth luminescent materials and their key preparation technologies and equipment
With the increasing demand for light source quality in the semiconductor lighting market, it is necessary to focus on the development of high-end rare earth light-emitting materials and their key preparation technologies and equipment to meet the applications in the fields of lighting, display and information detection. The key development contents include: key breakthrough of new rare-earth luminescent materials such as non-visible emission and upconversion emission; developing theory and technical methods of infrared emission efficiency enhancement under violet light; developing materials of high efficiency narrow band emission, high color purity green and red emission; design and developing new materials system with independent intellectual property rights using the principle of structural compatibility and equal property replacement, and carrying out structural design based on high-throughput materials to obtain a series of new rare-earth luminescent materials.
4.Key preparation technology of rare earth catalytic materials
Rare earth catalytic materials are high-tech materials that promote the extensive application of high-abundance and light rare earth elements lanthanum and cerium, effectively alleviate and solve the imbalance of rare earth consumption in China, improve energy and environmental technology, promote people's livelihood, and improve the living environment of human beings. The key development contents include: development of high efficiency, energy-saving and long-life petrochemical rare earth catalytic materials, clean energy synthetic rare earth catalytic materials, motor vehicle exhaust pollution control and industrial exhaust emission pollution control of rare earth catalytic materials and key technologies of industrialization; focus on the development of key technologies of nano cage molecular assembly and preparation of cerium zirconium materials with high specific surface area, development of ultra-high performance rare earth catalytic materials, and scale application in efficient rare earth catalytic purification parts of fixed source and mobile source exhaust system to realize the localization.
5. Advanced rare earth crystal materials and their industrial preparation technology
Rare earth crystal materials are widely used in national defense, cutting-edge scientific devices, medical treatment, detection, security inspection and other fields. Rare earth crystal materials and their industrial preparation technology is the main development trend in the future
The key development direction of rare earth laser crystal includes: the development of large size and high quality rare earth laser crystal growth and processing technology and equipment;.
Develop efficient preparation technology of high quality rare earth laser crystal and laser fiber; various new laser application technologies based on rare earth laser crystal.
6. Preparation technology of high-purity rare earth metals and targets
The new generation of information electronics and energy materials are the main application directions of high purity rare earth metals and target products. In the future, key research and development directions of high purity rare earth metal materials include: further improving the purity of rare earth metals to above 4N5 (99.995%), developing low-cost and large-scale preparation of ultra high purity rare earth metal technology to provide key raw materials for the development of high purity rare earth target; the development of fine purification control process and large high vacuum purification equipment such as large area furnace and single crystal purification furnace; the development of analysis and detection technology of trace impurities in ultra high pure rare earth metals and target materials.
(3) Development goals
1.2025 goal: To complete the transition of the rare earth industry from following to running and running
By 2025, it will become a powerful country in the field of rare earth functional materials. For a new generation of information technology, modern transportation, a new generation of lighting and display, energy conservation, environmental protection, integrated circuit, biological medicine, national defense, major development needs, preliminary master with independent intellectual property rights of rare earth magnetic materials and key core technology of manufacturing equipment, new energy vehicles, aerospace, industrial servo motor and other high-end magnetic materials applications, rare earth permanent magnet materials generation success rate reached 70%. Break through the batch and stable preparation technology of rare earth luminescent materials, and the localization rate increased to more than 80%; break through the key preparation technology of new rare earth functional materials such as high-performance rare earth crystal materials, high purity rare earth metals and target materials, meet the requirements of high-end medical equipment, intelligent detection, integrated circuit, etc., partially replace the import; develop new rare earth functional materials and their preparation technology, and expand new application fields. By 2025, China will master a number of key core technologies of key rare earth new materials, and form a number of multinational corporations and industrial clusters with strong international competitiveness in the competitive areas. Our position in the global industrial value chain will be significantly enhanced, and the transition of the rare earth industry from following to running will be completed.
2.2030 goal: To initially build China into a world rare earth power
By 2030, in the field of rare earth functional materials, the innovation capacity will be greatly improved, and it can lead the global research and industrial development of rare earth permanent magnet materials, and initially achieve the goal of becoming a world rare earth industry. Super high performance permanent magnet in robots, medical equipment, aerospace, Internet of things, ships, petrochemical and other major equipment and engineering application, master with independent intellectual property rights of rare earth magnetic materials and manufacturing equipment, the new energy vehicles, navigation 042 air aerospace, industrial servo motor and other high-end magnetic materials applications, rare earth permanent magnet materials replacement success rate reached 80%.
3. 2035 goal: To build a world rare earth power
By 2035, major breakthroughs will be made in the field of rare earth functional materials, and the innovation capacity will be greatly improved. The overall innovation level in the field of rare earth new materials will reach the ranks of world-level countries, the overall competitiveness will be significantly strengthened, some advantages will form global innovation leading capacity, and build China into a world power in rare earth functional materials.
Rare earth permanent magnet materials, catalytic materials, and luminous materials have reached the international advanced level, achieving full self-sufficiency. The self-sufficiency rate of optical functional crystals and ultra-pure rare earth for national defense applications is greater than 95%; the key core technologies and intellectual property rights of rare earth magnetic materials and high-end magnetic materials such as new energy vehicles, national defense, aerospace, intelligent manufacturing, healthcare, Marine engineering, forming a batch of original rare earth functional materials, in which the original intellectual property rights of a new generation of rare-earth permanent magnet materials are in the hands of China. China independently formulated standards account for more than 30% of international standards, and have the voice in the formulation of high-end materials standards; cultivate innovative talents and teams of rare earth functional materials, realize the new development mode of driving new applications by rare earth functional materials, and establish a world-leading technological innovation system and industrial system to provide a platform for original technologies.
4. policy proposal
The 2035 development strategy for rare earth functional materials, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern of scientific and technological innovation of rare earth functional materials, optimize the scientific and technological resources and human resources in rare earth dominant regions, and consolidate the "long board" advantage in the field of rare earth. Should strive to improve the original innovation ability, scale engineering and achievements ability, promote the green manufacturing of rare earth functional materials, vigorously develop meet the high-end application with independent intellectual property rights of high-performance rare earth magnetic, light, electricity and other new functional materials and application technology, establish China's advanced rare earth materials "with" innovation platform, build rare earth materials and application of low carbon economic industry chain, formed with China's independent intellectual property rights of high performance rare earth materials strategic industries, gradually realize by rare earth production power towards rare earth power. Specific policies and measures are recommended as follows:
(1) Strengthen the ability of strategic prediction research and policy support in the field of rare earth functional materials at the national level
First, accelerate the establishment of an intellectual property system, technology system, talent system and platform system for rare earth functional materials coordinated at the national level.
Second, strengthen the continuity and continuity of the implementation of the medium-and long-term plan in the field of rare earth functional materials, form long-term and stable state support and avoid intermittent support.
Third, strengthen the awareness of intellectual property protection in the field of rare earth functional materials, improve the legal system and implementation mechanism of intellectual property protection, strengthen and implement incentive measures for innovation activities of job inventors, and stimulate the endogenous impetus and emergence of innovative technologies of rare earth functional materials and their industries.
(2) Strengthen the support of rare earth advantage team and talent gradient construction, and improve the sustainable innovation ability of rare earth functional materials
First, we will provide long-term and stable support to competitive research institutions and teams in the field of rare earth advantages, and establish national scientific and technological innovation platform bases for rare earth functional materials at different levels as soon as possible.
Second, give full play to the role of young and middle-aged experts in the construction of talent echelon to avoid talent fault and waste of talent resources.
Third, focus on training young backbone and full-time technicians in the field of rare earth functional materials. For outstanding technical talents, the evaluation policy threshold can be appropriately relaxed, and as long as they make contributions, they have the opportunity to realize personal value, so that leading talents can be promoted in scientific research and innovation activities Spontaneous emergence.
(3) Strengthen international cooperation in the field of rare earth functional materials and enhance China's global competitiveness in the field of rare earth functional materials
First, in the current international environment, various opportunities should be used to conduct international personnel exchange and rare earth science and technology information exchange; the management department should try to facilitate the international scientific and technological exchange, relax the limit of researchers to attend academic conferences and technical exchanges, and avoid the technical research and development of "self-blocking" caused by local and departmental interests.
Second, according to the current situation at home and abroad, while strengthening the internal circulation in the field of domestic rare earth functional materials, we should strive to expand the international new market and expand the international external circulation. On the one hand, strengthen the level of opening to the outside world, retain and create conditions for the introduction of high-end application enterprises of rare earth new materials, actively form and establish a new pattern of global rare earth new materials industry and the community of rare earth technology; on the other hand, moderately relax the import of rare earth raw materials to reduce the pressure of domestic environmental protection and resource consumption; at the same time, encourage Chinese rare earth enterprises to go out, acquire, buy shares and create new rare earth new materials such as robot servo motor and electric vehicle drive motor The advantageous enterprises of high-tech application products will improve the business and scientific and technological development environment at home and abroad, so as to enhance the global competitiveness of China's rare earth functional materials industry chain and supply chain.